### Analysis of recent political developments in Mali: the dissolution of parties and its implications
On May 13, 2023, the military junta in power in Mali made a striking decision by dissolving all political parties and political organizations, thus following a presidential decree read on public television. This measure, feared by the opposition, represents an escalation in restrictions aimed at freedom of expression and political action in the country.
#### context of the political situation
Since the 2020 and 2021 coups, the military junta led by General Assimi Goita has sought to establish authoritarian control over Malian political life, justifying her actions by the need for reforms and the fight against jihadism. The dissolution of the parties intervenes in an already tense climate, where public debate and demonstrations have been largely stifled. The growing discontent of the opposition, expressed during a recent demonstration in Bamako, testifies to a desire to challenge the military authority: a courageous act, but risky in the current framework.
#### The implications of dissolution
The dissolution of political parties raises several fundamental questions about the future of democracy in Mali. The disappearance of these structures, essential for citizen representation and political dialogue, could worsen social fragmentation. By removing these expression channels, the junta seems to favor a centralized governance model, however incompatible with the needs of engagement and plurality expressed by part of the population.
Mamani Nassiré, Minister responsible for political reforms, said that the objective of these measures was to “manage political life in a serene and harmony with our sovereignty option”. However, this quest for national cohesion could easily turn into a form of repression, minimizing the diversity of opinions which is essential to any democratic society.
#### Calls for reintegration and return to constitutional order
A coalition of a hundred parties, recently constituted, demanded the imminent end of the military transition and rejected the decisions of the junta. This movement, which stands against the centralization of power, highlights a need for constructive dialogue and a realistic calendar for a return to constitutional order. This also raises reflections on the role of international and regional actors in the facilitation of such dialogues.
In a context where Mali faces multifactorial crises – including jihadist threat, economic instability and social tensions – the return to democratic mechanisms is crucial. But what framework can be set up to secure this transition? This challenge requires a collective will going beyond simple political decisions; It requires a sincere commitment to restore confidence between the authorities and the population.
#### Reflections on the future
The current situation in Mali highlights deep issues around legitimacy and governance. If the soldiers justify their power by security and national sovereignty, it is imperative to wonder if these principles can really flourish in a context of political repression. The quality of a democracy lies not only in the ability to preserve public order, but also in respect for human rights and political inclusiveness.
The next steps in this political crisis in Mali will be decisive not only for the country, but also for the Sahel region, where several military governments are going through similar crises. The opening of a dialogue space could represent an opportunity to rebuild a United Nation, capable of dealing with the many challenges that await it.
In conclusion, if the recent measures of the junta seem to establish a reinforced control over political life, they also raise the question of the future. Would it be possible to imagine a Mali where dissident voices could be expressed freely, while working together on lasting solutions to internal threats? This path to reconciliation and democratic refoundation is long and strewn with pitfalls, but perhaps essential for the sustainability of the Malian nation.