** Analysis of the discussions between the Egyptian Labor Minister and the ILO: a step towards compliance with international standards? **
On June 4, 2025, the Egyptian Labor Minister Mohamed Gobran met Corinne Vargha and Karen Curtis, Director of the Department of International Labor Standards and head of the branch on the freedom of association of the International Labor Organization (ILO) in Geneva. This exchange highlights Egypt’s commitment to promote workers’ rights and comply with international labor standards. However, he also raises essential questions about the scope and impact of these commitments.
### an assertive commitment
During the discussions, Minister Gobran reaffirmed the will of Egypt to comply with international labor standards, a commitment that is part of the directives of President Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi. The Minister notably mentioned the new Labor Act, qualified as progression towards better recognition of union rights and freedoms.
This commitment is welcomed by the ILO representatives who noted the country’s positive efforts in matters of workers’ rights. The ILO recognition of Egyptian initiatives could indicate a real will on the part of the authorities to approach the subject of workers’ rights with a constructive approach.
### Historical and social context
Egypt has a complex history in terms of labor relations. Workers and union movements have often been faced with political constraints, which has limited their ability to organize freely. Thus, the historical context of democracy and human rights in Egypt raises questions about the effectiveness of the proposed reforms.
The striking dates, such as the 2011 revolution, highlighted workers’ aspirations for improved working conditions and better representation. The implementation of a new legal framework could therefore be perceived as an answer to past criticism, but also as a step towards a more inclusive social dialogue.
### Towards a renewed social dialogue
One of the key declarations during this meeting was the importance of encouraging the culture of social dialogue. Indeed, a constructive dialogue between unions, employers and government bodies is essential to ensure that work standards are respected and that workers’ rights are protected.
However, how can we guarantee that this dialogue does not remain symbolic? Concrete mechanisms to involve unions in the decision -making process must be implemented. The good will displayed by the government must be accompanied by practical measures which promote real consultation and listening to workers’ concerns.
### The challenges to overcome
Despite these advances, several challenges remain. The effective implementation of the new legislation and the monitoring of its respect are sine qua non conditions to guarantee lasting improvements. The effects of reforms on the ground deserve to be evaluated in depth, while taking into account the experience and testimonies of the workers themselves.
It is also relevant to question the capacity of unions to operate in a space where freedom of association is sometimes limited. Reforms must therefore go beyond the texts and include actual protection measures for votes that wish to rise in favor of labor rights.
### Conclusion
Discussions between the Egyptian Labor Ministry and ILO are a significant step towards better compliance with international labor standards. However, it is essential to remain vigilant about the implementation of the measures mentioned and their impact on the ground. The way to respect the rights of workers in Egypt is strewn with pitfalls, but with a sincere commitment to social dialogue and concrete reforms, it could lead to lasting positive changes.
It remains to be hoped that Egypt’s commitment will be accompanied by a desire to open up real spaces for dialogue and to take into account the voices of workers, because it is through collaboration between all stakeholders that we can build a more equitable future for the world of work.