### Analysis of the conflict to Lubutu: a reflection on the causes and consequences of the disturbances in the Maniema
The territory of Lubutu, located in the province of Maniema, has been the theater of violence for a few days which causes massive displacements of populations. This alarming situation is the result of clashes between two rival factions of the Wazalendo, a local armed group. This crisis, which is probably exceeding the framework of military clashes, raises crucial questions about power dynamics, resource management and the quest for security in an already weakened region.
#### Conflict context
The clashes broke out on April 8, 2025 and on the one hand Mando, head of the “Divine Holy Force” faction, and on the other Bukuyu, former ally of Mando who became his rival. Beyond the simple personal rivalry, it is advisable to wonder about the underlying motivations which feed this struggle. According to the declarations of Lawamo Selemani Taylor, provincial interior minister, these conflicts are based on a “leadership struggle” as well as the management of “buttons acquired in an illegal manner”. This observation highlights a worrying reality: in a context where state institutions are often perceived as weak, non -state actors take the front of the stage.
Indeed, the absence of stable governance and solid institutions has enabled such factions to settle in the security landscape of the region. The illegal exploitation of resources, often in connection with corruption networks, poses challenges both for local communities and for the State. The question of the management of natural resources and the profits resulting from it is a fundamental issue in many regions of the Democratic Republic of Congo.
### The consequences of clashes
The situation in Lubutu is already marked by significant humanitarian consequences. The Minister reported a complete judgment of local socio-economic activities, making the daily life of thousands of people more difficult. The displacement of populations, often under precarious conditions, leads to a lack of access to essential services such as health, education and food. The impact on children and vulnerable groups is particularly worrying.
Confusion on the ground, as the Minister pointed out, further complicates the situation. Without an immediate cessation of hostilities, the spiral of violence could deepen, resulting in lasting repercussions on social cohesion and regional stability. Fear and instability caused by such crises are often obstacles to lasting reconciliation and peace.
### towards a collective response
Faced with this crisis, the provincial government’s response seems to be an attempt to stem violence through promises of abolition of illegal barriers and surveys on abuses. However, it challenges the need for a more global approach to treat the deep causes of the conflict. Cooperation between the various armed factions, including their possible alignment with the Congolese armed forces, could be favored by dialogue initiatives, but this will depend on the will of the stakeholders to opt for a peaceful solution.
It is essential that the Congolese authorities set up global integration and education programs, aimed at raising awareness of the effects of violence and the peaceful means of solving disputes. In addition, involving local players in resource management could open the way to a kind of participatory governance, thus reducing the motivations to engage in armed conflicts.
#### Conclusion
The current crisis in Lubutu is illustrative of the complex challenges that characterize the reality of many regions in the Democratic Republic of Congo. She reminds us that the quest for peace and security does not only depend on military repression, but also requires a sincere commitment from political actors and civil society to promote justice, equity and good governance. In the era of armed conflicts, solidarity and the unity of the Congolese will be essential to deal not only with internal threats, but also the external challenges that weigh on the country. Recent events can be a call for collective action, inviting all actors to consider avenues for dialogue and reconciliation to the service of the common good.