### La Monusco on the front line in the face of the M23 crisis: geopolitical issues and local implications
During his recent visit to Beni, in the province of North Kivu, Jean-Pierre Lacroix, deputy secretary general of the UN in charge of peacekeeping operations, reiterated the unwavering support of Monusco to the Congolese authorities while the security situation crosses a critical phase with the disturbing advance of the rebels of the M23, supported by Rwanda. This declaration comes in a context where the geopolitical tensions in Africa of the Great Lakes are tightening, asking crucial questions on the role of international organizations in regional stabilization.
#### The roots of a complex conflict
The current crisis in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) recalls the turbulent history of the country, marked by successive conflicts fueled by ethnic rivalries and economic issues. The M23 movement, which has emerged as a key player since 2021, is not simply the product of a local revolt, but is part of a broader framework of rivalry between regional powers. The presumed support of Rwanda to this armed group becomes a symbol of latent tensions which combine geopolitical interests and struggles for the control of fundamental mining resources, such as the Coltan, vital for the global technology industry.
### Domes from Monusco and resolution 2773
The visit of Lacroix to Beni also aimed to strengthen the implementation of the resolution 2773 of the UN Security Council, focused on the cessation of hostilities and the need for dialogue. However, to date, the results have not been up to expectations. Statistics have been revealing: Since the start of M23 hostilities in 2021, the forced displacements of populations have reached alarming figures, affecting more than 5 million people throughout the DRC, exacerbating an already disastrous humanitarian crisis.
Critics of Monusco do not dry up, denouncing its inability to protect civilians. The 14,000 peacekeepers stationed in the DRC come up against a complex table of violence which often exceeds their operational mandates. A role perhaps too full of diplomacy and not direct confrontation in the face of well-organized armed groups which benefit from external support.
#### A local dynamic: Beni and the role of the governor
The governor of North Kivu, General Evariste Kakule Somo, stressed the strategic importance of the presence of Monusco in Beni, considered an asset for regional security. The fact that the temporary headquarters of the Monusco Force is based in Beni is a strong signal, but also raises questions about the ability of this organization to create a lasting environment of peace.
At the local level, the Beninese express a mixture of gratitude and frustration. While some see Monusco an essential partner for stabilization, others feel a lack of tangible results. The fight against the M23 can sometimes seem distant if the living conditions of civilians do not improve quickly.
### towards a new approach: regional cooperation and sustainable solutions
Faced with the complexity of the situation, it might be time for the international community to adopt a more integrated approach, taking into account the deep causes of this crisis. Cooperation with neighboring countries, such as Rwanda, is essential to supervise effective mediation. The solutions must go through reinforced discussions which imply not only state actors, but also civil societies and regional organizations such as the community of Eastern African States (EAC).
The development of reconciliation and integration programs of rebel groups within Congolese civil society could constitute a step towards lasting peace. In addition, massive investments in basic infrastructure and services, combined with targeted Congolese security forces, could strengthen the resilience of communities in the face of armed group attacks.
### Conclusion
The visit of Jean-Pierre Lacroix to Beni illustrates the challenges that Monusco is confronted and the need for solid international support. However, beyond the words and promises of the great bodies, it is the voice and well-being of the Congolese on the ground that must remain at the heart of the concerns. The sustainability of peace in the DRC goes not only through security, but through a clear and effective commitment to the socio-economic development of the affected populations, in order to transform this crisis into a renewal opportunity.