Governance in Africa is a critical issue that has sparked intense debate in recent years. According to a recent study, nearly half of African countries have seen their governance deteriorate over the past decade. The continent faces major challenges, particularly in security, that are reversing progress made in many areas.
While some nations have seen notable improvements, 21 others have seen their situation deteriorate, affecting nearly half of Africa’s population. Countries such as Nigeria and Uganda have seen a significant decline in their governance in the second half of the past decade.
Mo Ibrahim, Founder of the Ibrahim Foundation, highlighted the emergence of a growing “arc of instability,” highlighting security challenges as a major driver of this deterioration. In an interview with Reuters, Ibrahim said poor governance, including corruption and marginalization, often fuels violence and conflict, as seen in recent coups in West Africa and the ongoing war in Sudan.
However, there are encouraging signs in some areas. The report highlights improvements in infrastructure, such as access to mobile phones and energy, as well as advances in gender equality. Health, education and the business environment have also seen progress across the continent.
Despite these advances, public perceptions remain negative. Many people believe economic opportunities and security have deteriorated, even as governance indicators show improvements. Ibrahim warned that growing public discontent could lead to unrest, increased migration and more conflict.
The report suggests that these negative views could stem from higher expectations in countries that are making progress, as well as a focus on what is still not working. Nevertheless, Ibrahim stressed the importance of addressing public discontent to avoid further instability.
The issue of governance in Africa is complex and multidimensional, requiring a comprehensive and concerted approach to address these critical challenges. It is imperative that governments and international actors work together to strengthen institutions and promote transparency, accountability and good governance across the continent. Only by taking firm and sustainable measures can Africa realize its potential and ensure a prosperous future for its citizens.