Global warming is an issue that affects many sectors of activity, including the pharmaceutical industry. A recent Unitaid study reveals that the production of medicines is directly linked to climate change, with potential consequences for the effectiveness of treatments and access to care.
The study highlights several key factors that are likely to impact the production and distribution of medicines. First of all, the cultivation of medicinal plants, such as artemisinin used in treatments against malaria, is directly affected by climatic variations. In the event of excessive heat or lack of water, the production of active ingredients necessary for the manufacture of medicines can decrease, thus compromising their availability.
Another risk factor identified is the location of production sites, mainly concentrated in India in regions prone to flooding. With increasing flood risks linked to climate change, the medicine supply chain is potentially at risk. This highlights the importance of diversifying production sites in order to minimize the risks of production disruption.
Finally, climate change can also influence the effectiveness of medicines during their transport in countries affected by heat waves. Medicines may be sensitive to high temperatures, which may reduce their effectiveness if exposed to temperatures above 30°C for a prolonged period.
Faced with these challenges, the pharmaceutical industry must find solutions to minimize the impact of global warming on the production and distribution of medicines. This involves diversifying raw material supply sources, developing new molecules more resistant to heat and extreme weather conditions, and investing in more sustainable production practices.
Furthermore, the pharmaceutical industry also has a role to play in reducing its own greenhouse gas emissions. Initiatives such as the transition to green chemistry, which aims to use less energy-intensive processes and reduce the use of harmful chemical compounds, can help reduce the carbon footprint of this industry.
In conclusion, global warming presents significant challenges for the pharmaceutical industry. It is essential that measures are taken to minimize the impact on the production and distribution of medicines, while reducing greenhouse gas emissions. By demonstrating innovation and commitment to sustainability, the pharmaceutical industry can help ensure access to care for all, despite the effects of climate change.