Title: Saving Lisbon’s urban vegetation: Adapting to climate change thanks to indigenous species
Introduction :
The Iberian Peninsula is facing the effects of climate change head-on. In Lisbon, the capital of Portugal, droughts and heat waves are becoming more and more frequent, putting urban vegetation at risk. However, research teams have found a promising solution to save the city’s green spaces: relying on native plant species, better adapted to the local climate. In this article, we will explore the issues related to the adaptation of Lisbon’s urban vegetation to climate change and the importance of indigenous species in this process.
1. Monsanto Park: a green lung threatened by climate change
Monsanto Park, nicknamed the “green lung” of Lisbon, covers more than 1,000 hectares of the Portuguese capital. However, this urban forest, planted almost 100 years ago, is beginning to suffer from the effects of climate change, particularly heat waves. The trees, mostly pines which are not native to the Iberian Peninsula, have difficulty surviving the high temperatures. It has therefore become urgent to rethink the development of the park by favoring native species.
2. The advantages of native species in the face of climate challenges
Research carried out by biologists from the Lisbon Faculty of Sciences has demonstrated that indigenous plants have a clear advantage over species imported from the tropics. These plants, which have evolved in the local ecosystem for thousands of years, are better adapted to the climatic conditions of Portugal. They have already developed resistance and regulation mechanisms in the face of droughts, extreme heat and other climatic challenges. As a result, native species require less water and maintenance, making them preferred choices for urban green space development.
3. The FCULresta program: an initiative to preserve Lisbon’s urban vegetation
The FCULresta program, set up by academics, aims to create mini-forests made up of native plant species. These vegetation zones, established for approximately two years, have shown great resilience in the face of difficult climatic conditions. Thanks to their ability to survive with little water and maintenance, they offer a future perspective for the preservation of Lisbon’s urban vegetation. In addition, the program encourages plant diversification by making room for a multitude of species, such as oaks, olive trees, carob trees and arbutus trees, which are native to Portugal.
Conclusion :
Safeguarding Lisbon’s urban vegetation in the face of climate change is a major challenge for the Portuguese capital. However, the use of native species in the development of green spaces offers a promising solution. These plants, adapted to the climatic conditions of Portugal, are better equipped to cope with droughts and heat waves. Their integration into projects such as Monsanto Park and the FCULresta program is an important step to ensure the survival of urban vegetation and preserve the natural beauty of Lisbon.