Title: Bold proposal for a new constitution in the DRC: towards a federal state with two capitals
Introduction :
Congolese historian, Professor Isidore Ndaywel, recently made an ambitious proposal for a new constitution in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). His project aims to transform the country into a federal state with a presidential regime, with two distinct capitals economically and politically. This innovative idea is already generating much debate and could pave the way for significant reforms in public administration and Congolese political life.
Towards a federal state:
The central idea of Ndaywel’s proposal is to move from a republic to a federal state using the six post-independence Congolese provinces, as well as the city of Kinshasa, as autonomous regional entities. These regions would be governed by Provincial Commissioners, appointed by the President of the Republic. Territorial agents would be responsible for the administration of the provinces and their components.
Two distinct capitals:
Another major innovation in Ndaywel’s proposal is the establishment of two capitals in the DRC. Kinshasa would retain its role as the economic capital, while Kisangani would be designated as the political capital. This decision is motivated by geopolitical, geostrategic and accessibility considerations. This configuration would allow for a better distribution of powers and more effective decentralization.
Institutional reforms:
Ndaywel’s proposal also includes several institutional reforms. Among them, the budgetary autonomy of the judiciary, a reinforced national police, a gendarmerie supported by the police, and the creation of a corps of firefighters for civil protection. These measures aim to strengthen the authority of the state and improve the security and protection of citizens.
Political stability and electoral mandates:
In the area of political life, Ndaywel’s proposal aims to foster greater institutional stability. It proposes a distinction between regional and national political parties, with electoral participation reserved for national parties present throughout the territory. In addition, the duration of electoral terms would be different at each level: a non-renewable 9-year presidential term, a 7-year national legislature renewable only once, and a 5-year regional legislature renewable only once.
Conclusion :
Professor Isidore Ndaywel’s bold proposal for a new constitution in the DRC paves the way for a federal state with two separate capitals. This initiative could lead to major reforms in the country’s public administration and political life. However, it also generates debate and raises questions about the feasibility of its implementation.. It is essential to engage in thorough and inclusive discussions to assess the potential benefits and challenges of this proposal before considering its implementation