The Maputo Protocol: Securing the Rights of Refugee Women in Africa
Maputo, 12 July 2023 – The Maputo Protocol celebrates its 20th anniversary this year. Adopted in 2003 by the African Union, this historic agreement has played a vital role in promoting and protecting the rights of women in Africa, including refugee women who are particularly vulnerable.
The Maputo Protocol constitutes a solid legal framework aimed at filling the existing gaps in international and regional treaties on the rights of women in Africa. It guarantees gender equality, non-discrimination, political participation, access to justice, sexual and reproductive health, as well as protection against violence against women.
However, despite the commitments made by States Parties, refugee women continue to face many challenges. They are often forced to flee their country of origin due to conflict, persecution, sexual violence and natural disasters. These women find themselves in situations of exacerbated vulnerability, exposed to violence, exploitation and discrimination.
The Maputo Protocol recognizes these realities and commits to protecting the human rights of refugee women. It provides for the establishment of appropriate policies and legal mechanisms to prevent violence against them, as well as to investigate, prosecute and punish the perpetrators of such acts. States parties are also required to ensure equal access to health services, education and sustainable livelihoods for refugee women.
Despite the progress made, much remains to be done to ensure the protection and empowerment of refugee women in Africa. Sexual and gender-based violence remains a worrying reality in conflict and displacement situations, and access to essential services often remains limited. States parties should intensify their efforts to fully implement the provisions of the Maputo Protocol and support refugee women in their quest for security, justice and empowerment.
On this occasion of the 20th anniversary of the Maputo Protocol, it is essential to recognize the progress made, but also to underline the need for stronger action. Refugee women deserve to be protected, supported and included in decision-making processes that affect them. By collaborating with civil society organizations, humanitarian actors and international partners, we can work together to build a future where the rights of refugee women in Africa are fully respected and their potential is fully realized.
The Maputo Protocol has laid the groundwork for positive transformation for refugee women, but much more needs to be done. On this important anniversary, let us reaffirm our commitment to fight for the rights of refugee women and to create a more equitable and inclusive world for all. By joining forces, we can build a future where the human rights of all women, including refugee women, are fully respected and protected