** Sudan at the dawn of a new era: analysis of recent developments and their implications **
April 15, 2025 marked a potential turning point in the war that has ravaged Sudan for two years. The head of the paramilitaries of the rapid support forces (FSR), Mohamed Hamdane Daglo, announced the establishment of an alternative government, an approach which raises questions as for the future of the country as well as on the motivations of this announcement. This initiative, which promises essential services such as education and health, can be perceived as a response to increasing humanitarian distress, but it could also worsen political fragmentation.
### Historical context
Sudan, a vast country in East Africa, is going through a period of major upheavals. Since the fall of President Omar El-Béchir in 2019, a fragile political transition process has tried to take shape. However, a military coup in 2021 interrupted this path, exacerbating tensions between military actors, especially between the regular army led by General Abdel Fattah al-Burhane and the FSR of Daglo. This power struggle has not only led to tragic violence, but also plunged the country into an alarming humanitarian crisis, with millions of displaced people fleeing deadly battles.
### Announcement of an alternative government
The establishment of a “government of peace and unity” by Daglo echoes aspirations of many Sudanese in search of stability and fundamental services. By affirming that it is not a parallel state, Daglo seems to want to project an image of legitimacy. It is crucial to analyze the real implications of this initiative. First, what is the true scope of this government when the regular army and the other political actors oppose its recognition? Then, how could the implementation of a new currency and new identity documents affect the confidence of citizens in the economy in crisis and in institutions?
### The international response
The reaction of the international community, of which Saudi Arabia and the United States, which call for a permanent cease-fire, underlines the need for a collective approach for the resolution of the conflict. The fear of a partition of the country is palpable, as the African Union pointed out. This situation, where several countries and organizations are trying to intervene, raises questions: is international pressure sufficient to make real changes on the ground? What measures should be taken to ensure that support is not transformed into problematic interventions that could intensify hostilities?
### Humanitarian impact
The displacement of thousands of Sudanese fleeing the Zamzam displaced camp to makeshift camps in Tawila reveals the urgency of humanitarian aid. The extreme famine which affects certain regions of the country highlights the humanitarian consequences of armed conflicts, particularly affecting civilian populations. Daglo’s promises concerning the establishment of basic services must be analyzed with caution: despite an optimistic discourse, what guarantees can be offered for real help to reach those who suffer the most?
### Reflections on the future
While Sudan is closer to the third year of conflict, the way to go seems to be still long. The struggle for stable governance and a return to peace raises fundamental questions. The efforts of several countries and the commitment of the African Union are signs of hope, but the complexity of internal and external dynamics requires a nuanced approach. What inclusive solutions can be considered to bring together all stakeholders around a common vision? How can the international community support these efforts without weighing down the sufferings of Sudanese?
In conclusion, the situation in Sudan calls for constant vigilance and in -depth reflection on the paths towards lasting peace. The alternative government proclaimed by Daglo could offer a glimmer of hope, but it is crucial that this initiative is accompanied by sincere efforts for national unity and reconciliation. The future of Sudan remains uncertain, but the commitment of internal and external actors is more than ever necessary to preserve the integrity and well-being of this country rich in its history and its diversity.