Title: 20 years of the Maputo Protocol: For better protection of the rights of refugee women in Africa
Introduction :
In this year of the 20th anniversary of the Maputo Protocol, it is important to recall the importance of this historic agreement for the promotion and protection of women’s rights in Africa. Adopted on July 11, 2003 by the African Union, this legally binding protocol has strengthened the rights of women in all areas of life, including refugee women. In recognition of their particular challenges and systematic violations of their rights, the Maputo Protocol took specific steps to protect the human rights of refugee women, including their right to life, dignity, liberty and security. .
The Challenges of Refugee Women:
Refugee women face many challenges when forced to flee their country of origin due to conflict, persecution, sexual violence or natural disasters. They often find themselves in situations of heightened vulnerability, exposed to violence, exploitation and discrimination. Despite the commitments made by States Parties to the Maputo Protocol, gender-based violence remains alarmingly high in conflict and displacement situations, and access to essential services is still limited.
The protective measures of the Maputo Protocol:
The Maputo Protocol established a comprehensive legal framework to ensure the protection of the rights of refugee women in Africa. It provides for the establishment of policies and legal mechanisms to prevent violence against them, to investigate violations, to prosecute the perpetrators of such violence and to punish them. Additionally, state parties are required to provide equal access to health services, including sexual and reproductive health care, as well as education and sustainable livelihoods.
Progress made and persistent challenges:
As we celebrate the 20th anniversary of the Maputo Protocol, it is important to acknowledge the progress made, but also the continuing challenges. Refugee women deserve to be protected and supported, and their inclusion in decision-making processes that affect them is essential. It is therefore imperative that States Parties intensify their efforts to fully implement the provisions of the Maputo Protocol and support refugee women in their quest for security, justice and empowerment.
Calls to Action:
The African Union calls on all States that have not yet ratified the Maputo Protocol to do so, stressing the importance of its universal adoption. In addition, she urges signatory states to accelerate the implementation of the protocol in order to strengthen the protection of the rights of refugee women in Africa.. There is a need to work with civil society organizations, humanitarian actors and international partners to build a future where the rights of refugee women are fully respected and their potential is fully realized.
Conclusion :
The Maputo Protocol has laid the foundations for positive transformation for refugee women in Africa, but much more needs to be done. As we celebrate its 20th anniversary, let us reaffirm our commitment to fight for the rights of refugee women and to create a fairer and more inclusive world for all. By joining forces, we can build a future where the human rights of all women, including refugee women, are fully respected and protected