** Name a mediator: a step towards peace or a repetition of failures? **
On April 12, 2025, the African Union (AU) appointed Faure Essozimna Gnassingbé, the Togolese president, as a new mediator in the peace efforts between the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and Rwanda. This decision, adopted by procedure of silence and without objections of a third of the Member States, marks a turning point in a conflict that has persisted for years, affecting not only the two countries concerned, but also the regional stability of Central Africa and the East.
### Historical context of DRC-Rwanda relations
Relations between the DRC and Rwanda have always been marked by tensions, often exacerbated by ethnic, political and economic issues. The Rwandan genocide in 1994, followed by the massive exodus of Hutu refugees to the DRC, fueled armed conflicts that have never really appeased. The east of the DRC, in particular, has long been the theater of prolonged insecurity, with armed groups responsible for recurring violence and massive travel of civilian populations.
### The challenges of the new mediator
Faure Gnassingbé succeeds João Lourenço, Angolan president, who had been praised for his efforts as part of the peace processes in Luanda and Nairobi. This transition raises several questions: what are the lessons to learn from previous attempts? What challenges are the new mediator, both politically and on that of confidence between the parties? Success will depend not only on the political will, but also on the ability to mobilize various actors, including non -governmental organizations and civil society representatives.
The charge in Gnassingbé is heavy. It is essential that he can initiate an authentic and inclusive dialogue, while taking into account the expectations of the affected populations. How to make sure that the roadmap developed by the AU really meets the needs of the inhabitants of the eastern DRC? The construction of sustainable reconciliation requires overcoming decades of mistrust and pain.
### A roadmap for the future
As part of its mandate, the AU has also mandated its committee to work on a unified roadmap for dialogue, taking advantage of the acquired acquired initiatives. Maybe that could point out a desire on the part of the AU to learn previous errors, but what about implementation mechanisms? The success of such a dialogue will largely depend on active participation and the commitment of local actors. How to guarantee a space where the voices of the most affected populations be heard and integrated into discussions?
The sustainability of this effort will also be put to the test by the dynamics of power at stake within the two nations, but also in relation to other regional actors. The geopolitical situation in Central Africa is complex, with divergent interests which can sometimes oppose those of peace. Furthermore, how does the AU intend to counter the external influences that can impact the neutrality of its mediator?
### Conclusion: a call for reflection
The appointment of Faure Gnassingbé as a mediator in the DRC-Rwanda conflict is a hopeful initiative, but it must be considered with caution. The challenges are numerous and the success of a peaceful adjustment will require more than just appointment. It requires a sincere commitment from all parties and a desire to hear and understand the sufferings of the populations involved.
While the AU strives to strengthen its continental leadership in conflict resolution, it is crucial to keep in mind that real change often comes from the base. In the end, the hope of a lasting peace is based on the ability to dialogue in an open way and to work together for a common future, beyond past resentments. What reflections does this new stage arouse among peace actors, both national and international? This is a question to which it is necessary to answer if you want to build a serene future for the region.