The tripartite summit between Angola, Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) scheduled for December 15, 2024 in Luanda raises high expectations for the resolution of the crises shaking the East of the DRC. Under the mediation of Angolan President João Manuel Gonçalves Lourenço, appointed by the African Union to pacify the region, this event is crucial in the stabilization and reconciliation efforts between neighboring countries.
This meeting follows the signing of a “Concept of Operations” (CONOPS) on November 25 in Luanda by the Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the DRC and Rwanda. This strategic document clearly defines the steps to be taken to neutralize the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR) and proceed with the gradual withdrawal of Rwandan forces from Congolese territory, thus paving the way for a possible normalization of relations between Kinshasa and Kigali.
The CONOPS, structured in four phases, illustrates a rigorous action plan aimed at assessing the threat posed by the FDLR, neutralizing these armed groups and initiating the stabilization process in the region. The ultimate objective is to restore trust between the countries and ensure an environment conducive to socio-economic development in eastern DRC, while avoiding negative repercussions on local populations.
Despite these significant diplomatic advances, persistent challenges remain, such as the risk of reprisals by armed groups against civilians, the need to avoid any stigmatization of the communities concerned and the importance of a solid political commitment to establish lasting mutual trust. The participation of the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the DRC (MONUSCO) and the support of the European Union reinforce the hope of seeing this peace plan succeed.
However, the success of these initiatives will depend on the effective implementation of the measures agreed at the Tripartite Summit and the continued monitoring of progress on the ground. The situation remains fragile and requires constant vigilance to prevent any return to violence and to ensure the security of local populations.
In conclusion, the Angola-Rwanda-DRC Summit represents a glimmer of hope for stability in the Great Lakes region. It represents a unique opportunity to turn the page on decades of conflict and pave the way for more harmonious and mutually beneficial regional cooperation. The eyes of the world are on Luanda, awaiting concrete and lasting solutions for a peaceful future in the DRC.