Tensions remain high between Russia and Ukraine over grain exports to the Black Sea. As the grain deal between the two countries ended last month, pressure is mounting for Russia to rejoin the deal. The United States, through its Agency for International Development (USAID), held a press conference to counter Russian rhetoric at the St. Petersburg summit.
According to Isobel Coleman, deputy administrator of USAID, the argument made by the Kremlin that the grain exported was not intended for countries in need is false. In fact, 65% of exported grains went to developing countries, of which 20% went directly to least developed countries. Additionally, Russia is driving up food prices by taking Ukraine, one of the world’s largest grain producers, out of the market.
South Africa, along with other countries in the African peacekeeping mission, is also calling on the United Nations to hear the Kremlin’s requests. They call for specific measures to remove the obstacles that hinder the export of Russian cereals and fertilizers. However, Pretoria and Washington agree that Russian promises of grain donations to some African countries are not a long-term solution.
It is important to point out that exports of foodstuffs and fertilizers are not subject to sanctions, contrary to what Russia claims. Moreover, the Russian agricultural sector is the main beneficiary of the end of the grain agreement.
This situation highlights the economic and political issues surrounding the grain trade in the Black Sea. Russia seeks to consolidate its influence by controlling grain exports, while Ukraine and other countries want to maintain their access to the world market. It remains to be seen how this situation will evolve and what the consequences will be for the actors involved.
In conclusion, the future of the grain agreement in the Black Sea remains uncertain. Pressures for Russian reintegration are growing, but significant questions about the economic and political impact of this decision remain. Balancing the interests of different countries and ensuring fair access to the global grain market is crucial