The evolution of the French military presence in Africa is a particularly notable topical subject. Over the years, the number of French soldiers deployed on the continent has seen significant variations, marking a transition towards a more targeted and adaptive approach.
At the heart of this transformation is the need for France to readjust its strategy in response to a constantly changing geopolitical context. The emergence of new dynamics on the socio-political and security level in West and Central Africa has forced Paris to revise its paradigm of military intervention.
Recent information attacks, attributed in particular to foreign actors such as Russia, have placed the French army in a delicate position, forcing it to review its visibility and its footprint on the ground. This phenomenon was interpreted by some senior officers as a sort of “radioactivity” surrounding French troops, forcing them to opt for a less conspicuous presence.
The figures speak for themselves: drastic staff reductions are planned in key countries such as Senegal, Gabon, Ivory Coast and Chad. This is a major change in the way France views its engagement in Africa, moving from a relatively large presence to a more agile and ad hoc approach.
The establishment of the Africa Command in Paris next September reflects this strategic change, marking a refocusing of operations and decisions at the central level. Military bases in West Africa will have to adapt to the needs of the moment, without constituting permanent French camps.
This new approach, focused on flexibility and responsiveness, aims to maintain the objectives of supporting African partners in the fight against terrorism and trafficking, while adapting to the specific realities of each country. Dialogue and cooperation remain at the heart of the relationship between France and its African partners, despite ongoing tactical adjustments.
Ultimately, this reorientation of the French military presence in Africa constitutes a significant turning point in the country’s security and defense policy. By adapting to new requirements and rethinking its intervention strategy, France is positioning itself to respond effectively to the complex challenges arising on the African continent, while maintaining strong cooperation links with its regional partners.