Title: Off-grid electrification: A major challenge for energy development in the DRC
Introduction :
Off-grid electrification is a major energy hot topic in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). From July 11 to 14, 2023, the city-province of Kinshasa hosted the 12th workshop of the Francophone Network of Energy Regulators (RégulaE.Fr) on this theme. Under the chairmanship of Prime Minister Jean-Michel Sama Lukonde, these meetings were an opportunity to discuss progress and challenges related to off-grid electrification in the country.
The liberalization of the electricity sector in the DRC:
The reform of the electricity sector in the DRC marked an important break, moving from a state monopoly to the introduction of competition. Law No. 14/011 of 17 June 2014 relating to the electricity sector was the starting point for this reform. This openness has favored the participation of the private sector in the activities of production, transmission, distribution and commercialization of electrical energy.
The opportunities offered by the DRC:
The DRC has important strategic minerals such as cobalt, lithium and copper, making it a potentially attractive player for battery manufacturers and researchers in innovative technologies. The President of the Republic has expressed his vision of promoting technological research related to batteries, in particular with regard to battery management systems that make it possible to extend their lifespan.
The missions of the Electricity Sector Regulatory Authority (ARE):
ARE was made operational in 2016 as a public institution responsible for promoting competitiveness and private sector participation in the field of electricity in the DRC. Despite the difficulties encountered, the AER is encouraged to continue this positive momentum to fully exploit the country’s energy potential.
The challenges of off-grid electrification:
Off-grid electrification poses challenges specific to the DRC. It is necessary to ensure a balance between the development of isolated networks and the deployment of the national network and the hydroelectric production infrastructures. Appropriate mechanisms must be put in place to integrate isolated networks into the national or regional network.
Conclusion :
The workshop of the Francophone Network of Energy Regulators on the theme of off-grid electrification in the DRC helped to highlight the country’s progress and challenges in this sector. The liberalization of the electricity sector, the opportunities offered by the mining resources of the DRC and the missions of the ARE are all elements that contribute to the energy dynamics of the country.. However, striking a balance between off-grid electrification and national grid development is essential to ensure sustainable access to electricity for all Congolese citizens