** The discovery of the ancient city of Karnak: a light on Egyptian history **
Recently, an Egyptian-French joint archaeological mission revealed a major discovery: the discovery of the oldest city and settling dating from the Middle Empire, nestled in the archaeological area of the Karnak temple. This site, which dates back to the period from 2050 to 1710 BC, was uncovered during excavations made in the southeast corner of the temple. What makes this discovery all the more fascinating is that it is the second of its kind made this year in the same region.
This scientific advancement highlights the importance of systematic excavation methods, often underestimated, used by archaeological missions. Discoveries require thoroughness and commitment to historical documentation, a crucial element not only for understanding past civilizations, but also for the preservation of cultural heritage. The town was brought to light is located between the mud brick wall built by King Thoutmôsis III, emblematic of the 18th dynasty, and the solid wall that surrounds the entire temple, dating from the reign of nectanebo Ier, of the 30th dynasty.
Besides this discovery, the visit of Mohamed Ismail Khaled, Secretary General of the Supreme Antiquities Council, in Luxor highlighted the projects being restored within the Akhmenu Temple Complex. This work goes beyond simple material rehabilitation; It represents an effort to maintain the collective memory of a bygone period alive. The work includes in -depth cleaning, meticulous structural restoration, as well as rigorous documentation of inscriptions and religious scenes.
However, this venerable catering task is not without challenges. Respect for archaeological practices and conservation standards raises questions about how the authorities manage our cultural heritage and on the resources available to ensure the success of such companies. The recent excavations in Al-Asasif, also observed during this mission, revealed wooden coffins of children, whose state of conservation poses a problem. The absence of inscriptions on these objects calls into question our understanding of the funeral culture of that time.
What lessons can we draw from these discoveries? First, they recall the importance of archaeological research in the understanding of our ancestors and their way of life. The efforts of research teams, whether local or international, are crucial for our apprehension of antiquity.
Also, the benefits of such missions can extend beyond the academic framework. By strengthening the tourist infrastructure linked to these discoveries, we can not only promote the local economy but also to raise awareness of the importance of archeology and the preservation of heritage.
However, a reflection is essential on the sustainability of these projects. Resources often limited in the archaeological sector point to a need to observe how private and public funding can converge for the safeguard and enhancement of our inheritance. How can the Egyptian authorities and their international partners guarantee a balanced approach, which respects scientific research as much as socio-economic dimensions?
The discovery of the city of the Middle Empire in Karnak pushes us to envisage a future where archeology is not limited to discovery, but where the preservation and valuation of history become essential. In a world where the past is constantly rediscovered, it is essential to remember that each artefact, each archaeological site, tells a story that deserves to be heard, preserved, and transmitted to future generations.