** Somalia: a precarious balance between fight against terrorism and protection of human rights **
The visit of Ben Saul, the special rapporteur on the promotion and protection of human rights in the fight against terrorism, in Somalia from May 10 to 20, 2025, highlighted complex and sometimes alarming realities that deserve sustained attention. In a country where the fight against terrorism is crucial, it is essential to question how this struggle is articulated with the respect of fundamental rights.
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Somalia is faced with deep security challenges. The emergence and persistence of armed groups such as Al-Shabab complicates government efforts to establish order and peace. Ben Saul’s report highlights significant efforts undertaken by the Somali authorities to fight terrorism, highlighting an integrated strategy that combines military operations and prevention efforts by promoting community resilience. However, the legal tools used in this struggle are also subject to a critical examination. The vague definitions of “terrorism” and the enlarged powers of the security forces can, according to Saul, reduce the guarantees of fundamental rights.
### Anti -terrorist laws in question
The concerns raised by the rapporteur highlight a crucial dilemma: how can a state protect its citizens while respecting their rights? The anti -terrorist laws adopted by Somalia, although they aim to respond to real threats, could break international standards in terms of human rights. For example, the application of the death penalty for offenses that do not necessarily result in acts of fatal violence raises questions. This raises questions about the rule of law in the country and the way in which justice is rendered.
### violations that arrest
The reports of arbitrary arrests, prolonged detention without access to legal assistance, forced disappearances and disproportionate use of force are concern. These elements could give a shadow on reform and governance efforts. In this context, the ability of military judges to guarantee a fair trial seems compromised, aroused concerns about the independence of the judiciary.
### Children and armed conflicts
The situation of children in period of armed conflict is also subject to particular attention. The alleged violations of children’s rights, such as forced recruitment and gender -based violence, call for immediate and concerted actions. It is imperative that any strategy to combat terrorism incorporate specific measures to protect the rights of children and guarantee their well-being.
### Civil society in danger
The impact of anti -terrorist laws on press freedom and the capacity of civil society organizations to carry out their activities is a crucial point raised by Ben Saul. The restriction of civic space within the framework of the fight against terrorism raises questions about transparency and empowerment of governments. How then to find a balance between the need for security and that of a dynamic civil society?
### to lit solutions
The recommendations made by the rapporteur, aimed at establishing independent surveillance mechanisms for actors in the fight against terrorism and to promote rehabilitation initiatives for veterans, can serve as a basis for a constructive dialogue. The integration of the voice of the population in decision -making, the fight against financing to terrorism without harming humanitarian aid and the commitment of international partners are also critical levers to build a more resilient society.
### Conclusion
The situation in Somalia is complex and requires a nuanced approach that combines security and respect for human rights. This report addresses serious concerns but also opens the way to discussions on the future of the country. He recalls that, to respond to the threat of terrorism, it is fundamental to initiate a dialogue on the consequences of adopted policies, while maintaining a strong commitment to human rights. The way to peace and stability seems to be strewn with pitfalls, but the importance of international collaboration and support for just reforms cannot be underestimated.