### Volatility of American customs duties: a sober analysis of economic consequences
The current dynamic of customs duties in the United States, marked by recent volatility, raises complex questions about economic ramifications for both national and international actors. The fluctuations observed arouse growing mistrust on the part of Europe and place China in a delicate position on the global chessboard.
#### Context of the trade war
The trade war between the United States and China, which started in 2018, led to the taxation of reciprocal customs tariffs, reaching peaks with surcharge of up to 145 %. These measures, aimed at protecting the American industries, also have significant implications on supply chains and on the stability of international markets. Donald Trump’s recent decision to suspend certain customs duties and establish a 10 % floor rate represents an attempt to stabilize the economic climate, after a volatility that has seen the American scholarships fluctuate considerably.
This situation echoes historical concerns. The rise in trade tensions recalls the past crises where customs duties have been used as a pressure tools rather only as an economic lever. In an era when globalization interconnects economies, the effects of such a war are rarely confined to a single actor. The fragility of the markets can thus become a global issue, affecting employment, goods prices and consumer confidence.
#### A European reaction measured
Faced with this inconsistency, the European Union adopted a more measured approach, by suspending its own retaliatory measures for 90 days. This decision could be interpreted as a desire to appease tensions and promote constructive dialogue. However, it raises questions about European strategy in the face of American policies often perceived as unilateral.
The complexity of the situation also lies in the various economic interests within Europe. Some countries, more dependent on trade with the United States, could see these decisions with a benevolent eye, while others, having closer links with China, could fear for their competitiveness on the global market.
#### The position of China: a necessary resilience
For China, trade war is reflected in major economic challenges. The increase in customs tariffs has made access to American markets difficult for many Chinese exporters, which has direct consequences for economic growth and employment. In response, Beijing has sought to diversify its commercial partnerships, thus strengthening its links with other Asian and European countries.
This strategy could also be part of a broader framework aimed at reducing dependence on the United States. However, the transition to new markets is not without challenges, in particular with regard to quality standards, cultural preferences and infrastructure necessary to support robust commercial relations.
#### towards a better understanding
The current situation of American customs duties is an example revealing the economic interconnections that characterize our time. Beyond market fluctuations, it is essential to ask the right questions: how can we establish a customs policy that promotes fair competition while preserving the economic interests of each country? What measures could be put in place to restore confidence between global economic actors?
A collective reflection on these issues is necessary to avoid the undesirable consequences of an prolonged trade war. By exploring solutions based on dialogue and cooperation, it is possible to envisage a more balanced and lasting approach in international trade relations.
In conclusion, the volatility of American customs duties reminds us of the importance of enlightened economic diplomacy. The global actors, whether it be the United States, Europe or China, have everything to gain by seeking to establish bridges rather than exacerbating the divisions. It is in this quest for mutual understanding that the hope of a more stable and inclusive economic future resides.