The recent cancellation of the tripartite meeting between Presidents Tshisekedi, Kagame and Lourenço in Luanda, Angola, has rekindled tensions between the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and Rwanda. This meeting was crucial to seal an agreement to cease hostilities in eastern DRC and initiate the withdrawal of Rwandan troops, but was compromised by last-minute conditions imposed by Kigali, including the request for direct dialogue with the M23 rebel group, which the DRC describes as “terrorist”.
This episode reveals the deep divergences in security in the Great Lakes region. While Kinshasa refuses any contact with the M23, accused of serious human rights violations and illegal occupation of territories, Kigali seems ready to engage in direct negotiations with this group. This situation weakens the mediation efforts led by Angola and supported by the African Union, threatening regional balance and political stability.
Rwanda’s attitude, perceived as an obstacle to peace, raises questions about its true intentions in the region. By refusing to recognize the M23 as a legitimate interlocutor, the DRC warns against the consequences of such a dialogue, which could legitimize armed groups responsible for numerous abuses. This firm stance illustrates Kinshasa’s determination to protect its national interests and preserve the integrity of its territory.
On the ground, clashes between the Armed Forces of the DRC (FARDC) and the M23 rebels continue, revealing the complexity of the armed conflict in the east of the country. Despite significant progress by the FARDC, including the reconquest of Mambasa thanks to the support of local Wazalendo militias, the persistence of the fighting demonstrates the resilience of the armed groups and the need for a lasting political solution.
Faced with this new episode of tensions, it is crucial that the international community become more involved in promoting a peaceful resolution of conflicts in the Great Lakes region. The mediation of Angolan President João Lourenço, praised by the DRC, could provide an opportunity to relaunch dialogue between stakeholders and find concerted solutions to ensure regional peace and stability.
In conclusion, the current situation between the DRC and Rwanda highlights the complex security issues in the Great Lakes region. The need for constructive dialogue and strengthened regional cooperation appears more essential than ever to achieve a peaceful resolution of conflicts and the consolidation of peace in this strategic area of Africa.