The mining sector in the Democratic Republic of Congo has long been at the heart of heated debate and controversy internationally. With an overwhelming share of global cobalt production, the DRC holds significant influence over the global minerals market. This dominant position is largely attributable to artisanal and small-scale mining, which accounts for a significant share of national production.
The figures speak for themselves: around 70% of global cobalt production comes from the DRC, a substantial part of which is extracted by artisanal miners. These minors, often destitute and seeking to provide for the needs of their families, work in precarious conditions and face numerous challenges. Despite the illegality of many artisanal mining activities, they continue to thrive, attracting international players seeking profits.
Artisanal mining undeniably provides employment opportunities for hundreds of thousands of people in the DRC, contributing to poverty reduction and local economic growth. However, these benefits are often obscured by illegal practices that contravene international standards, such as child labor, unsafe working conditions and opaque supply chains.
The question of the sustainability of artisanal mining remains a hot topic, raising concerns about the social, economic and environmental impact of these activities. Non-governmental organizations and civil society actors are actively debating ways to ensure fair and transparent working conditions for artisanal miners, while ensuring the long-term viability of this industry.
Despite the challenges it faces, artisanal mining continues to be a vital pillar of the Congolese economy, providing employment and livelihood opportunities for many local communities. However, for this sector to truly contribute to the sustainable development of the country, reforms and concrete measures must be put in place to improve working conditions, strengthen regulations and promote responsible mining.
The Democratic Republic of Congo has considerable mining potential, particularly with regard to cobalt, and it is crucial that this potential is exploited in a sustainable and ethical manner for the benefit of all stakeholders involved. By promoting responsible and transparent artisanal mining, the DRC can not only consolidate its position as a world leader in the cobalt sector, but also guarantee a better future for its citizens and for the entire mining industry.