In the twists and turns of Fez, Morocco, talented artisans have been practicing the art of metal engraving for centuries. Passed down from generation to generation, these techniques have become a pillar of the cultural identity of this African country.
Metal engraving is an ancient craft that involves engraving on copper, silver and gold. This craft began in Morocco in the late 12th and early 13th centuries, particularly in the city of Fez. Over the years, it has spread to other cities in Morocco, notably Marrakech,” explains Mohamed Arnani, owner of an engraving workshop in Fez.
The engraving process involves a series of careful steps, each contributing to the creation of engravings that tell stories of tradition and craftsmanship.
“Metal engraving is based on three forms, the most important of which is multiple geometric shapes, including underlining. There is also botanical engraving, inspired by nature, for example roses and leaves. There is also abstract engraving, where the artist relies on engraved shapes inspired by his imagination,” explains Arnani.
The journey begins with the careful selection of high-quality copper.
“The first stage is the drawing stage, where the craftsman demonstrates creativity and precision in measurements. Then comes the cutting stage, then that of engraving, followed by assembly,” explains Moncef Adyel , owner of a copper workshop in Fez.
Artisans use a combination of traditional tools to bring designs to life on the metal surface, using different types of engraving, each with their own characteristics.
Bas-relief engraving creates a slightly raised design from the surface, creating a tactile effect.
Intaglio engraving involves incising the design into the metal, giving a more subtle result.
These techniques, passed down for centuries from master to apprentice, highlight the diversity and depth of metal engraving in Fez.
The marketing of creations plays a crucial role in ensuring the survival and relevance of this craft.
As the designs take shape, the artisans strive to reconcile tradition and contemporary demands.
“We always aspire to renew this craft. Therefore, we work on the development of several technical things. For example, we work on modern paintings and tables that differ from what is traditional. For example, the most famous chandelier in Morocco is the traditional chandelier found, for example, in mosques. Now we have created several modern forms of chandeliers,” explains Adyel.
In recent years, Morocco has made efforts to promote its metal engravings both nationally and internationally.
Morocco has taken proactive measures to preserve this intangible heritage.
The initiatives include educational programs aimed at passing on knowledge to future generations.
“Unfortunately, this craft is threatened with disappearance, but Morocco’s efforts protect this heritage. Its inclusion in the world heritage adds value to the preservation of this heritage and gives it the recognition it deserves. These are related skills to metal engraving,” says Mustapha Jellok, director of cultural heritage at the ministry of youth, culture and communication in Rabat.
The local markets of Fez serve as a dynamic platform to showcase and sell this art.
Tourists and collectors are drawn to the medina, where workshops and galleries display a multitude of designs.
By recognizing metal engraving as part of its cultural heritage, Morocco aims to protect and promote the identity woven into each painstakingly crafted piece.