Drug use in West Africa is a constantly increasing phenomenon, according to a recent report from the West African Epidemiological Network on Drug Use (WENDU). This report highlights the region’s transition from a simple transit route to a drug consumption market over the past decade. Several factors contribute to this situation, including weak national institutions, lack of socio-economic opportunities, political instability and security crises.
The study reveals that drug use affects both men and women. Cannabis tops the list of products most consumed by men, while women are more likely to consume alcohol and pharmaceutical products. The people most affected by addiction are mainly young people, with almost 86% of people treated for addiction belonging to the 15-44 age group. Among them, three quarters are under 30 years old.
Cannabis is the most common drug in the region due to its ease of cultivation, increased availability and relatively low cost compared to other substances. However, the report also highlights the growing presence of other harder drugs, such as opioids, including tramadol.
Faced with this worrying situation, the report proposes several possible solutions. He suggests in particular finding alternative uses for cannabis to promote more lucrative economic activities for producers, while reducing its recreational consumption. It also recommends the establishment of drug prevention and treatment services in order to make up for the lack of care structures. Finally, particular attention must be paid to the mental health of young people, by strengthening prevention and care efforts.
On the ground, organizations such as the Togo Blue Cross are mobilizing to help drug users by carrying out awareness and care actions. Isidore Motchon Ayaovi, project coordinator within this NGO, also notes an increase in the number of drug users in recent years, exacerbated by the Covid-19 pandemic. During the crisis, many activities were suspended, leaving young people to become bored and turn to drug use, he points out.
Drug use in West Africa is a complex problem that requires a comprehensive and coordinated approach. It is essential to strengthen prevention, treatment and awareness measures to address this worrying reality and promote the well-being of communities in the region.