Immigration is a hot topic that continues to spark passionate debates around the world. According to the latest data from the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), more than 6 million new permanent migrants have been registered in its member countries, an increase of 26% compared to the previous year.
This significant increase can partly be explained by health restrictions linked to the COVID-19 pandemic which considerably reduced migration flows in 2020 and 2021. However, several OECD member countries recorded historically high levels of immigration. high, reflecting a growing interest in immigration around the world.
France, Spain, Belgium, the United Kingdom and Canada all recorded records in terms of new permanent immigrants. This upward trend is partly explained by the growing need for labor in these countries, particularly in sectors that suffer from shortages of skilled workers.
Stefano Scarpetta, from the OECD Employment Directorate, emphasizes that these labor shortages can be temporary, but also structural. The decline in the working-age population in some OECD countries could lead to a slowdown in economic growth if steps are not taken to fill these gaps through immigration.
It is also important to note that more than two million asylum applications were filed in 2022. This reflects the difficult living conditions in many countries of origin, pushing individuals to flee to find safety and opportunities elsewhere. Venezuelans, Cubans and Afghans are the main asylum seekers, reflecting the conflicts and humanitarian crises gripping these regions.
Interestingly, the majority of migrants are active, with 70% of them employed and less than 8% unemployed. This shows that many migrants are ready to contribute to the economy and society of their host country upon arrival.
Immigration remains a complex and delicate subject, with political, social and economic implications. On the one hand, it can be beneficial by providing a skilled workforce and contributing to economic growth. On the other hand, it can also raise questions of security, integration and reception capacity.
Whatever position one adopts, it is essential to recognize the importance of understanding the causes and consequences of immigration in order to find lasting and equitable solutions for all.