September 11, 1973, a date engraved in Chilean and world history. On that day, the military coup led by Augusto Pinochet overthrew the democratically elected president, Salvador Allende. The images of the assault on the presidential palace of La Moneda, inflamed by the bombings, are still vivid in our memories.
But why does this date remain so significant, even after 50 years? First of all, we must emphasize the impact of images broadcast live around the world. The destruction of La Moneda, Allende’s last poignant speech, the dark figure of Pinochet, all this had a profound impact on people’s minds. Beyond the event itself, this day symbolizes the fall of a democratic government and the establishment of a military dictatorship, with its procession of repression and violations of human rights.
However, the collective memory around this event remains divided in Chile. Debates over the official version of Allende’s death, forced disappearances and crimes committed during the dictatorship, as well as the struggles for justice and truth, continue to agitate Chilean society. The country is struggling to forge a common memory, particularly due to the presence of former members of the dictatorship within political institutions.
The figure of Allende, symbol of democracy and socialism, continues to deeply divide the country. The conservatives reject it en bloc, while the left also have difficulty appropriating its heritage. The new president Gabriel Boric, classified on the left, certainly claims Allende in his speech, but a Republican Allende, the one who lost his life on the day of the coup, rather than the one who embodied revolutionary hope.
Likewise, Pinochet remains an omnipresent figure in Chilean political life. His dictatorship and the crimes committed under his regime continue to haunt the country. The search for truth and justice for the disappeared remains a major issue for Chile, and President Boric has just announced a national plan in this direction.
As we commemorate 50 years since this tragic coup, it is important to remember these events and continue to question, debate and work for a fairer Chilean society that respects fundamental rights.
In conclusion, September 11, 1973 remains a significant date in the history of Chile and the world. The shocking images of the fall of La Moneda and the death of Allende remain etched in our memories. But beyond the event itself, this day symbolizes the struggles for memory, justice and truth that continue to divide Chilean society.