The G20 summit, which will be held in India this weekend, is focusing the world’s attention on this booming country. With its ever-growing population, dynamic economy and growing geopolitical role, India today occupies an important place on the world stage.
As the world’s most populous country, with more than 1.4 billion people, India represents a major demographic powerhouse. This young and growing population plays a key role in India’s economy, which is now the fifth largest in the world. Despite these advances, India still faces challenges such as poverty, inequality and unemployment, particularly among youth and women.
Economically, India is showing sustained growth, with GDP increasing by 9.1% in 2021, according to the World Bank. The country has also positioned itself as one of the fastest growing G20 economies since 2014, even surpassing the UK in economic size. Key sectors such as the pharmaceutical industry, chemicals and aeronautics contribute to this growth, supported by a young and qualified population.
However, despite these economic successes, India still faces socio-economic challenges. GDP per capita remains relatively low compared to other G20 countries, and inequalities persist, particularly in terms of access to health care and drinking water. The high unemployment rate, especially among young people, is also a major challenge for the country.
When it comes to urbanization, India is experiencing rapid growth in its urban population, with 36% of its population currently living in cities. This rapid urbanization poses major challenges in terms of infrastructure, pollution, overconsumption of energy and housing. Cities like Bombay (Mumbai) are already facing overpopulation and a lack of infrastructure to cope with this population growth.
Overall, India is playing an increasingly important role on the global stage, as an emerging economic power and as a key geopolitical player. However, the country faces major challenges that require innovative solutions and continued attention. The G20 summit in India provides an important opportunity for world leaders to discuss these challenges and find ways to boost economic growth while ensuring sustainable and equitable development for all Indians.